{"id":3853,"date":"2025-06-23T15:05:12","date_gmt":"2025-06-23T07:05:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.key-iot.com\/?p=3853"},"modified":"2025-06-23T15:05:12","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T07:05:12","slug":"5-minutes-to-understand-how-a-router-works-and-its-main-components","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.key-iot.com\/ru\/blog\/5-minutes-to-understand-how-a-router-works-and-its-main-components\/","title":{"rendered":"5 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\"55d13c3c5faeb0e057dbdccf3ec0e62b\"<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
\n

01.\u00a0\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f, \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 - \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430.<\/span><\/div>\n
\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>: A \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong><\/a> \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u00a0\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 OSI<\/strong>-\u00a0\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/strong>. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430:\u00a0\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0\u0438\u00a0\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong>: \u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043a \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438). \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n
  • \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong>: \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 (\u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n

    02.\u00a0\u0422\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
    (\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435: \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435, \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f).<\/em><\/span><\/div>\n
    \n
    \n<\/div>\n
    \n

    03.\u00a0\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
    \n
      \n
    1. \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f)<\/strong>:\n
        \n
      • \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n
      • \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u044d\u0448-\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b ASIC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
          \n
        1. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445)<\/strong>:\n
            \n
          • \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c.<\/li>\n
          • \u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 IP \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n
            \n
            \n<\/div>\n
            \n

            \"af96f4471a7fc3aee8588a22f2810203\"<\/h2>\n

            <\/h2>\n

            04.\u00a0\u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
            \u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442, \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430.<\/span><\/div>\n
            \n
              \n
            • \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 CAM<\/strong>:\n
                \n
              • \u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (1 \u0438\u043b\u0438 0). \u041b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435.<\/li>\n
              • \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 MAC-\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                \n
                  \n
                • \u0422\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 TCAM<\/strong>:\n
                    \n
                  • \u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (0, 1 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \"\u0431\u0435\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\").<\/li>\n
                  • \u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/li>\n
                  • \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043c\u0430\u0443\u044d\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                    \n
                    \n<\/div>\n
                    \n

                    05.\u00a0\u0427\u0438\u043f NP (\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                    \u0427\u0438\u043f NP \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0421 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043f\u0430 NP,\u00a0\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433<\/strong>\u00a0\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c.<\/span><\/div>\n
                    \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 NP \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 ASIC<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • \u0411\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>: \u0418\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 QoS, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043d \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 (\"\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430\").<\/li>\n
                    • \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443.<\/li>\n
                    • \u0421\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430<\/strong>: \u0411\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0433 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, MPLS, QoS, \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430).<\/li>\n
                    • \u0423\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435<\/strong>: \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438.<\/li>\n
                    • \u0421\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 IPv6<\/strong>: \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b IPv6 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n
                    • \u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong>: \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043f\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n<\/div>\n
                      \n

                      06.\u00a0\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                      \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443, \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \"\u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434-\u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\".<\/span><\/div>\n
                      \n
                      \n<\/div>\n
                      \n

                      07.\u00a0\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
                      \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/span><\/p>\n
                        \n
                      • \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044f\u00a0\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/strong>\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443.<\/li>\n
                      • \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0443\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n
                      • \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                         <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                        01.\u00a0What Is a Router? In simple terms, a router is a device that enables network interconnection with routing and forwarding functions. Additionally, it can adapt subnet speeds, isolate subnets, and define access rules. Definition: A router is a device that enables network interconnection and operates at the\u00a0third layer of the OSI model\u2014the\u00a0network layer. It provides […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"themepark_post_bcolor":"#f5f5f5","themepark_post_width":"1022px","themepark_post_img":"","themepark_post_img_po":"left","themepark_post_img_re":false,"themepark_post_img_cover":false,"themepark_post_img_fixed":false,"themepark_post_hide_title":false,"themepark_post_main_b":"","themepark_post_main_p":100,"themepark_paddingblock":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"metadata":{"classic-editor-remember":["classic-editor"],"_edit_lock":["1750670703:1"],"_edit_last":["1"],"_thumbnail_id":["3857"],"themepark_seo_title":["5 Minutes to Understand How a Router Works and Its Main Components"],"themepark_seo_description":["In simple terms, a router is a device that enables network interconnection with routing and forwarding functions. 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